Modulation : Q Factor

What is Q Factor? Q factor (also known as Quality Factor or Q-factor) is defined as a dimensionless parameter that describes the underdamped condition of an oscillator or resonator. The quality factor measures the performance of a coil, a capacitor, or an inductor in terms of its losses and resonator bandwidth. The definition of Quality… Continue reading Modulation : Q Factor

Network Topology

What is a Network Topology? A network topology is defined as the layout or arrangement of elements (usually nodes or links) in a communication network. Network topologies are used to define or describe the arrangement of various types of telecommunication networks – such as computer networks, command and control radio networks, and industrial field busses.… Continue reading Network Topology

Active Low Pass Filter

What is an Active Filter? An active filter is a type of filter that includes one or more active circuit components such as a transistor or an operational amplifier (Op-Amp). They derive their energy from an external source of energy and use it to increase or amplify the signal output. Operational amplifiers can also be… Continue reading Active Low Pass Filter

Donor and Acceptor Impurities in Semiconductor

When we add a small quantity of impurity in a semiconductor than the impurity contributes either free electrons or holes to the semiconductor. As a result, the conducting property of semiconductor changes. The process of changing the conductive property of semiconductor by adding impurities is known as doping. Suppose, we add any pentavalent impurity in… Continue reading Donor and Acceptor Impurities in Semiconductor

Conductivity of Semiconductor

It is well known to us that the conductivity of a material depends on the concentration of free electrons in it. Good conductors consist large concentration of free electrons whereas insulators consist small concentration of free electrons. These conductors have a high conductance value (and hence a low resistance value). The concentration level of the… Continue reading Conductivity of Semiconductor

N Type Semiconductor

Before understanding what is n-type semiconductor we should focus on some basic theories of atomic science. We all know that each atom of any substance requires eight electrons at its outermost orbit. But it is also true that all atoms do not have eight electrons at their outermost orbit. But all the atoms have an… Continue reading N Type Semiconductor

Intrinsic Semiconductor

Semiconductor is a material whose conductivity lies in-between that of the conductors and the insulators. Semiconductors which are chemically pure, meaning free of impurities, are called Intrinsic Semiconductors or Undoped Semiconductor or i-type Semiconductor. The most common intrinsic semiconductors are Silicon (Si) and Germanium (Ge), which belong to Group IV of the periodic table. The… Continue reading Intrinsic Semiconductor