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A universal indicator has a pH range from 0 to 14 that indicates the acidity or alkalinity of a solution.A neutral solution has pH=7 pH pH=−log10[H+]In pure water, [H+]=[OH−]=10−7 mol/L. Hence, the pH of pure water is 7.The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14.If pH < 7 → acidic solutionIf pH > 7→ basic solution pH scale Importance… Continue reading Universal indicator

Strong acid or base: When all molecules of a given amount of an acid or a base dissociate completely in water to furnish their respective ions, H+(aq) for acid and OH−(aq) for base).Weak acid or base: When only a few of the molecules of a given amount of an acid or a base dissociate in water to… Continue reading Strength of acids and bases

Base: Bases undergo neutralisation reaction with acids. They are comprised of metal oxides, metal hydroxides, metal carbonates and metal bicarbonates. Most of them are insoluble in water. Alkali: An alkali is an aqueous solution of a base, (mainly metallic hydroxides). It dissolves in water and dissociates to give OH− ion. All alkalis are bases, but not… Continue reading Diff. b\w a base and an alkali

A neutralisation reaction occurs when an acid reacts with a base. A salt and water are the end products of this reaction. An acid–base neutralisation reaction is formulated as a double-replacement reaction in this standard approach. Reactions of acids and bases a) Reaction of acids and bases with metals Acids, in general, react with metals… Continue reading Acid-Base Reactions

Given are two possible physical tests to identify an acid or a base. a. Taste An acid tastes sour whereas a base tastes bitter.The method of taste is not advised as an acid or a base could be contaminated or corrosive. Example: The flavours of curd, lemon juice, orange juice, and vinegar are all sour. Because… Continue reading Physical test

Ionisable and non-ionisable compounds An ionisable compound when dissolved in water or in its molten state, dissociates into ions almost entirely. Example: NaCl, HCl, KOH, etc.A non-ionisable compound does not dissociate into ions when dissolved in water or in its molten state. Example: glucose, acetone, etc. Acids and Bases An acid is any hydrogen-containing substance that is… Continue reading Acid and Base

On the basis ofa) composition –  elements, compounds and mixturesb) state – solids, liquids and gasesc) solubility – suspensions, colloids and solutions Types of mixtures – homogeneous and heterogeneousTypes of compounds – covalent and ionic

A salt is formed when hydrogen ions are replaced by a metal or an ammonium ion in an acid.  A base is a material that reacts with an acid to produce just water and a salt.  When an acid reacts with a base, it produces a salt. Bases are commonly found in household cleansers that are used to remove oil from windows and floors, as well as soaps, toothpaste, egg whites, dishwashing liquids, and household ammonia. Introduction to Acids, Bases and Salts A substance that tastes sour in water, turns blue litmus red, and neutralises bases is known as an acid. If a substance’s aqueous solution tastes bitter, turns red litmus blue, or neutralises acids, it’s called a base. Salt is a neutral material that has no effect on… Continue reading Introduction